Arab Scientists and Scholars

• Ahmad al-Qalqashandi (1355 or 1356, Nile Delta, Egypt – 1418)
• Abd el-Latif el-Baghdadi (1162, Baghdad, Iraq – 1231) physician, historian and Egyptologist
• Alsayed Ali Ahmad Alshaykh (1759, Alexandria, Egypt – 1848) Avicenna (/ˌævəˈsɛnə/; Latinate form of Ibn-Sīnā c980-1037
• Averroes - See Ibn Rushd
• Avempace - See Ibn Bajjah
• Abulcasis - See Al-Zahrawi
• Ahmad ibn Fadlan (10th century, Baghdad,Iraq) writer and traveler; member of an embassy of the Caliph of Baghdad to the Volga Bulgars
• Ahmad ibn Majid (1432, Ras al-Khaimah, UAE - 1500,?) navigator and poet
• Ahmed ibn Yusuf (835, Baghdad - 912, Egypt) - mathematician
• Ali Ben Isa (9th century)
• Ali ibn Ridwan (c. 988, Giza, Egypt - 1061) astronomer and geometer with Khalid Ben Abdulmelik
• Al-Asma'i (739, Basra, Iraq - 831, Basra, Iraq) pioneer of zoology, botany and animal husbandry
• Abubacer - See Ibn Tufail
• Ahmed Zewail - See Ahmed Zewail
• Al-Rodhan Nayef - See Nayef Al-Rodhan

• Ibn Tahir al-Baghdadi (980, Baghdad, Iraq - 1037, ?) arithmetic
• Al-Baqillani (?, Basra, Iraq - 1013, Basra, Iraq) theologian, scholar, and Maliki lawyer
• Al-Battani (850, Harran, Turkey - 929, Qasr al-Jiss, Iraq) astronomer and mathematician

• Ibn Duraid (837, Basra, Iraq - 934, Baghdad, Iraq) geographer, genealogist, poet, and philologist

• Gamal Hemdan (Feary 2, 1928 - April 17, 1993) geographer

• Haly Abenragel (Abû l-Hasan 'Alî ibn Abî l-Rijâl) (? - 1037, Kairouan, Tunisia) astrologer, best known for his Kitāb al-bāri' fi ahkām an-nujūm
• Ibn Hawqal (943, Baghdad,Iraq - 969,?) writer, geographer, and chronicler
• Hassan Hanafi (born 1935 in Cairo, Egypt) professor and chair of philosophy at Cairo University
• Al-Hajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Matar (786 – 833) mathematician
• Jabir ibn Hayyan 722 - 804 chemist
• Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī (893, Yemen - 945, Sanaa, Yemen) geographer, historian and astronomer
• Ibn Hubal (1122, Baghdad, Iraq - 1213) physician, scientist and author of a medical compendium
• Hayat Sindi "(Mecca,SaudiArabia)" medical scientist, She is famous for making major contributions to point-of-care medical testing and biotechnology

• Ikhwan al-Safa اخوان الصفا وخلان الوفا (The Brethren of Purity) (Basra, Iraq), a group of neo-Platonic Arabic philosophers of the 10th century
• Al-Idrisi (1099, Ceuta, Maghreb - 1166 CE, Sicily) geographer and cartographer
• Ibn Abi Ishaq (died AD 735) the earliest known grammarian of the Arabic language

• Jabir ibn Aflah (1100, Seville, Spain - 1160, ? ) influential astronomer and mathematician
• Al-Jayyani (989, Cordoba, Spain - 1079, Jaen, Spain) mathematician and author
• al-Jazari "(1136–1206) - described 100 mechanical device
• Jābir ibn Hayyān " (821–915), a polymath who is considered the father of chemistry. He emphasized systematic experimentation, and did much to free alchemy from superstition and turn it into a science.
• Ibn Al-Jazzar (10th century, Qairwan, Tunis) influential 10th century physician and author
• Al-Jahiz (776, Basra, Iraq - 869, Basra, Iraq) historian, biologist and author
• Al-Jawhari, Abu Alabbas (ca. 800-860) mathematician
• Ibn Jubayr (1145, Valencia, Spain - 1217, Egypt) geographer, traveller and poet, known for his detailed travel journals

• Al-Khalili (1320, Damascus, Syria - 1380, Damascus, Syria) an astronomer who compiled extensive tables for astronomical use
• Khalil ibn Ahmad (c. 718, Oman – c. 791) writer and philologist, compiled the first dictionary of the Arabic language, the Kitab al-Ayn
• Al-Kindi (c. 801, Kufa, Iraq – 873, Bahgdad, Iraq) Arab philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, physician and geographer
• Ibn Khaldun (May 27, 1332, Tunis - March 19, 1406, Cairo, Egypt)

• Labīd ibn rabi'a (c. 560 – c. 661) Arabian poet.

• Mostafa El-Sayed
• Al-Masudi ( ?, Baghdad, Iraq - 957, Cairo, Egypt) historian, geographer and philosopher, traveled to Spain, Russia, India, Sri Lanka and China, spent his last years in Syria and Egypt
• Maslamah Ibn Ahmad al-Majriti, (d. 1008 or 1007 CE), was an Arab Muslim scholar and astronomer in Spain
• Al-Ma'arri (December 26, 973 - May 10 or May 21, 1057, Ma'arra (المعرة) in Syria) blind Arab philosopher, poet and writer
• Al-Mawardi, known in Latin as Alboacen, (972, Basra, Iraq - 1058, Iraq) judge, diplomat, and author of influential works on governance and ethics
• Ma Yize (ca. 910, ? - 1005, China) astronomer and astrologist, worked as the chief official of the astronomical observatory of the Song dynasty
• Muhammad Al-Muqaddasi (946 CE, Jerusalem, Palestine - ) medieval Arab geographer, author of Ahsan at-Taqasim fi Ma`rifat il-Aqalim (The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions)

• Ibn al-Nafis (1213, Damascus, Syria - 1288, Cairo, Egypt) physician and author, the first to describe pulmonary circulation, compiled a medical encyclopedia and wrote numerous works on other subjects
• Nur ad-Din al-Betrugi (Alpetragius)[1] (?, Morocco - 1204, Seville, Spain) astronomer and philosopher
• O
• Omar M. Yaghi (1965, Amman, Jordan - Present) Chemist Professor at the University of California, Berkeley

• Thābit ibn Qurra "(826, Harran, Turkey - 902)" mathematician, physician, astronomer, and translator

• Sameera Moussa (March 3, 1917 - August 5, 1952)
• Ibn al-Shatir (1304, Damascus - 1375, Syria, Damascus) astronomer, mathematician, engineer and inventor, worked at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, Syria, developed an original astronomical model

• Ibn Al-Thahabi (?, Suhar, Oman - 1033 CE, Valencia, Spain) physician and author of an encyclopedia of medicine

• Al-Uqlidisi (920, Damascus, Syria - 980, Damascus, Syria) wrote two works on arithmetic, may have anticipated the invention of decimals
• Usamah ibn Munqidh (1095–1188, Damascus, Syria), Arab historian, politician, and diplomat
• Ibn Abi Usaibia (1203–1270, Damascus, Syria) physician and historian, wrote Uyun al-Anba fi Tabaqat al-Atibba (Lives of the Physicians)
• Al-Umawi (1400, Spain - 1489, Damascus, Syria) mathematician, wrote works on mensuration and arithmetic

• Waddah al-Yaman (Yemen,? - Syria,Damscus,709) poet, famous for his erotic and romantic poems

• Ibn Yunus "(c. 950-1009) - mathematician and astronomer
• Yusuf al-Mutamin mathematician, wrote Kitab al-Istikmal (Book of Perfection) in mathematics

• Al-Zahrawi (936, Cordoba, Spain - 1013, Cordoba, Spain) Islam's greatest medieval surgeon, wrote comprehensive medical texts combining Middle-Eastern, Indian and Greco-Roman classical teachings, shaped European surgical procedures until the Renaissance, considered the "father Of surgery", wrote Al-Tasrif, a thirty-volume collection of medical practice
• Al-Zarqali (1028,Spain - 1087,? CE) mathematician, influential astronomer, and instrument maker, contributed to the famous Tables of Toledo
• Ibn Zuhr (1091, Seville, Spain - 1161, Seville, Spain) prominent physician of the Medieval Islamic period